Ben Jackson - Upsolve Co-founder and Chief Product Officer

Ben Jackson co-founded Upsolve after his own experience navigating $60,000 of crippling debt and finding freedom through bankruptcy. That journey opened his eyes to how inaccessible and confusing the bankruptcy process was for millions of Americans who needed a fresh start. Motivated by the belief that everyone deserves a second chance, Ben set out to build a tool that simplifies bankruptcy, making it easier for individuals to escape debt and rebuild their financial lives. Along the way, he earned a certificate in Legal Tech and Innovation, fellowships from Equal Justice America and The Kent Justice Foundation, and a law degree from the Chicago-Kent College of Law. His personal story of overcoming financial hardship drives his mission to empower others to achieve the same freedom.

All ArticlesBankruptcy BasicsBefore FilingCarsChapter 13Chapter 7Consumer RightsCourtCredit Card DebtCredit IssuesDebtsDeciding To FileDivorceDuring Bankruptcy CaseHow To FileMeans TestNondischargeable DebtsProperty ExemptionsStudent LoansTaxesWage Garnishment

Articles written by Ben Jackson

What Are Florida's Bankruptcy Exemptions?

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated September 25, 2025

If you’ve been a Florida resident for at least two years and you file Chapter 7 bankruptcy, you’ll need to use the state’s exemptions to protect your property. Exemptions are laws that outline how much of different kinds of property are protected when you file a bankruptcy case. Most filers see that all their property is protected. In Florida, the homestead exemption protects all the equity you have in your home, given you meet a few criteria. The motor vehicle exemption is $5,000, and if you don’t use the homestead exemption, you can apply the $4,000 wildcard exemption to your vehicle (or any other property) as well.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 25, 2025

Washington has two state debt collection laws: the Washington Collection Agency Act (CAA) and the Washington Consumer Protection Act (CPA). Combined, these two laws provide important protections for state residents against original creditors, third-party debt collectors, and debt buyers. Washington residents get further protection from the federal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA). The statute of limitations for credit card debt and medical bills in Washington state is six years.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated September 25, 2025

If you’re being contacted by debt collectors for a debt you simply can’t repay, it’s important to know your rights to protect yourself from harassment and validate the debt. Once you know the debt is valid, look into your debt relief options. Getting a free consultation with a nonprofit credit counselor can help you understand your options and make a plan to deal with your debt.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated September 22, 2025

Chapter 13 bankruptcy is the second most common type of personal bankruptcy after Chapter 7. You’ll need to take several steps to file Chapter 13, and after you file your case, you’ll stick with a 3–5-year repayment plan to get a successful discharge. Because Chapter 13 is complicated, it’s advisable to hire a bankruptcy attorney to help you file your case. Most people who represent themselves in Chapter 13 cases aren’t successful.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated September 22, 2025

Bankruptcy can be a helpful tool for seniors facing unmanageable debt, especially those living on fixed incomes with little to no assets. Chapter 7 is often the best fit for older adults who need fast relief from credit cards, medical bills, or personal loans — without risking important property. But bankruptcy isn’t always necessary, especially if your income is protected and your assets are limited. This guide explains the pros and cons, how to choose between Chapter 7 and Chapter 13, and what alternatives to consider if bankruptcy doesn’t feel right for you.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated September 17, 2025

Bankruptcy can eliminate some IRS tax debt, but it depends on the type of tax debt and how long you’ve owed it. Chapter 7 bankruptcy can wipe out older income tax debt if it meets strict IRS rules. If your tax debt doesn’t qualify for discharge, Chapter 13 bankruptcy may still help by stopping IRS collection efforts and setting up a structured repayment plan that can help you get back on track. Even if bankruptcy can’t erase your tax debt, it can give you breathing room by pausing IRS actions like wage garnishment and bank levies. If you’re struggling with tax debt, understanding your options can help you find the best path forward.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 17, 2025

Many people worry that filing bankruptcy will have a negative impact on their housing, job, and other important opportunities. The truth is that the vast majority of bankruptcy filers keep their day-to-day lives intact without issue. The law protects you from being fired for filing bankruptcy, and you can still receive public benefits.

Written by Lawyer John Coble. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 17, 2025

If you’re self-employed — whether as an independent contractor, gig worker, sole proprietor, or business owner — it’s important to understand how your income is classified and reported in bankruptcy. Business income must be disclosed in your forms, along with allowable expenses, and the process depends on your business structure. Independent contractors, gig workers, and sole proprietors report business income in personal bankruptcy, while business owners with separate legal entities have additional considerations. This guide explains what counts as business income and how to calculate it for the Chapter 7 means test and Schedule I.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated September 17, 2025

Before you can file for bankruptcy, you must complete a credit counseling course from an approved provider. The course usually costs $10–$50, but many people qualify for a fee waiver based on their income. You can apply for the waiver when you sign up — just ask the agency if it’s available. If you're approved for the waiver, you can take the course for free and get your certificate. The course helps you understand your debt relief option and explore whether bankruptcy is the right option for you.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 17, 2025

Yes, you can file bankruptcy even if you’re in or were in a debt relief program such as a debt management plan. Once you file your bankruptcy case with the court, you can stop making the payments under the debt relief plan you’re in (if you haven’t already). Once the bankruptcy court grants your discharge, you won’t have to worry about repaying the debts included in your case. Many people can benefit from other debt-relief options before filing bankruptcy, but sometimes bankruptcy is the best choice to meet your financial goals and take control of your debt.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 16, 2025

If you live in Oklahoma, your best line of protection against unfair debt collectors is the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA). This is a federal consumer protection law. Oklahoma hasn’t passed any state-specific debt collection laws to protect its residents. The statute of limitations for written debt contracts — including medical debt and credit card debt — is four years in Oklahoma.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 16, 2025

In Arizona, most debt collectors must follow regulations set out in state and federal law. These laws were designed to increase transparency and fairness in the debt collection process. Arizona state law mirrors the many protections set out in the federal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA), which prohibits third-party debt collectors from harassing or deceiving you. If debt collectors violate the law, you can report them and sometimes even sue them for damages. The statute of limitations for credit card debt in Arizona is three years. It’s six years for medical debt.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 16, 2025

Answering a debt lawsuit is easier than you might think! You simply need to fill out an official court answer form, tell the court why you disagree with the lawsuit, and file the paperwork with the court. Then, you have to send a copy of your answer form to the person suing you. Finally, wait to get notice from the court about next steps. If you contest the lawsuit, the court will schedule a hearing date to hear both sides of the story.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 11, 2025

If you're overwhelmed by debt collectors and collection agencies calling you to collect a debt, it can seem as though you'll never be able to remember who they all are. But, it's important to give the bankruptcy court a list of all of your creditors, so here are some steps you can take to make sure you didn't miss anyone.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated September 8, 2025

You can file Chapter 7 bankruptcy even if you're unemployed or have no income — and many people do. Unemployment benefits usually won’t disqualify you, and some costs, like court fees, may be waived if your income is low enough. Filing triggers an automatic stay that can protect you from wage garnishment and collection calls while you focus on getting back on your feet. Timing matters, though — filing too soon could leave you with new debt you can’t discharge later.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated September 2, 2025

Bankruptcy exemptions are rules that allow people who file for bankruptcy to keep certain important items instead of having to sell them to repay their debts. If you’re filing bankruptcy in Ohio, you must use the state’s exemptions to protect your property. Ohio has a homestead exemption of up to $182,625 for individual filers, a $5,025 motor vehicle exemption, and a $1,675 wildcard exemption. It also has exemptions for personal property and money benefits.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated September 2, 2025

PACER stands for Public Access to Court Electronic Records. It’s a system to access case information, the docket, and the documents filed in a particular case electronically.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 2, 2025

It's not easy to discharge most tickets and government fines in bankruptcy. Though it depends on what the tickets or fine was assessed for, many tickets and fines are non-dischargeable debts. That means you have to repay them even if your bankruptcy case is successful in discharging other debts like credit card or medical bills. That said, filing Chapter 13 bankruptcy can be a good way to manage non-dischargeable fines and fees. It can also help you get your driver’s license reinstated if it’s been suspended due to unpaid fines.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 2, 2025

What follows is a step by step guide on how to add a creditor after filing bankruptcy. The process for this is often very specific and differs from district to district, but there are some things that are the same across the board. If you're an Upsolve user, you can use the case editor and the self-service amendment feature to update your forms.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 2, 2025

If you want to get your federal student loan debt discharged as part of your bankruptcy case, you’ll need to file an adversary proceeding (AP). An AP is a legal process used in bankruptcy court to resolve specific issues or disputes that arise during a bankruptcy case. Due to changes in late 2022, APs for federal student loan discharge may look different than other APs. Under the 2022 guidance, discharge proceedings are meant to be simpler and more efficient for bankruptcy filers. If you’re filing an adversary proceeding to discharge federal student loans, you may be able to handle it yourself, without hiring an attorney. This article explains how APs work for bankruptcy filers seeking to discharge student loan debt through bankruptcy.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated September 2, 2025

An automatic stay is a powerful protection that kicks in as soon as you file for bankruptcy. It stops most creditors from trying to collect debts. This means they can't call you, send letters, garnish your wages, or start or continue lawsuits against you. The protection lasts until your Chapter 7 bankruptcy case ends or the court lifts the stay.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 1, 2025

CBE Group LLC is a legitimate debt collection agency focusing on consumer debts. If CBE Group contacts you, you’ll first want to validate the alleged debt. After confirming the debt is yours, you can decide how to address matters with CBE Group LLC. Your main choices include disputing the debt (especially if you find inaccuracies or disagree with the specified amount) or negotiating to settle the debt. If you negotiate to settle the debt, you pay a reduced portion of the total amount owed.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 1, 2025

LVNV Funding is a third-party debt collection agency that collects on overdue consumer credit cards and loans. If they are contacting you, your first action should be to validate the debt. Make sure the details they have are accurate before disclosing any information or making payments. Since LVNV Funding purchases debts that have been charged off, they often have inaccurate information. If you do owe LVNV Funding, a great strategy is to negotiate a settlement. You will pay less than the original amount and have peace of mind knowing the debt is behind you.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 1, 2025

Penn Credit is a third-party debt agency that collects on past-due bills from hospitals, governments, toll road operators, and utility companies. If Penn Credit contacts you to collect a debt, validate the debt before you pay anything. If the debt isn’t yours or the amount is incorrect, dispute it. If the debt is yours but you are unable to pay it, consider negotiating a settlement.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 1, 2025

Resurgent Capital Services is a legitimate debt collection agency that collects past-due credit card bills, medical bills, and other consumer debt. The first thing you should do if Resurgent contacts you is verify the amount of the alleged debt and that it actually belongs to you. After confirming the debt is yours, you can choose how to address the situation. If you disagree with any details of the debt, you can dispute it. If you agree that you owe it, you can pay it in full or try to negotiate a debt settlement to pay a reduced portion of the debt.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 1, 2025

Creditors and debt collector aren't allowed to contact you after you file your bankruptcy case with the court. If a creditor contacts you anyway, it's usually by mistake. Answer the phone, tell them about your pending bankruptcy, and request that they stop calling. If they continue to contact you, let the court know right away, so they can put an end to it immediately and, if appropriate, punish the creditor for their conduct.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated September 1, 2025

Virginia bankruptcy exemptions let you keep certain property—like your home, car, and household items—when you file for Chapter 7 bankruptcy. These exemptions are grouped by category and have dollar limits that protect the value of specific types of property, including personal items, wages, and public benefits. Unlike some states, Virginia does not let you choose between state and federal bankruptcy exemptions—you must use the Virginia list. If your property falls within these exemption limits, you can likely keep it, even while clearing away your unsecured debts. Understanding how exemptions work can help you protect the things that matter most as you get a fresh financial start.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 1, 2025

If you receive a summons and complaint from a debt collector or creditor, it means you’re being sued for unpaid debt. It’s important to respond to (or answer) the lawsuit. You do this by filing official paperwork with the court. Be sure to address every point in the complaint, raise any defenses you have, and file the paperwork within the time frame provided. Debt collectors are counting on you not to answer the lawsuit so that they can win by default. Don’t be intimidated! Take control and learn how to file an answer by reading this guide. You do not need an attorney to answer a debt collection lawsuit successfully.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated September 1, 2025

If you feel like you’re drowning in student loan debt and need help managing or getting rid of it, you’re in luck. In this article, we rounded up six potential options to deal with overwhelming student loan debt, including loan forgiveness programs, loan discharge programs, loan settlement options, repayment plans, refinancing options, and bankruptcy.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 1, 2025

Many people who end up with a wage garnishment are already strapped for cash and can’t afford to have money taken out of their checks every week. Filing for bankruptcy is one of the ways to stop a wage garnishment.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated September 1, 2025

When you’re trying to figure out the best debt relief option, first consider how much debt you have, whether you want to call in outside help or support, how quickly you’re hoping to repay the debt, and how important your credit score is to you right now. You have several debt-relief strategies available to you, and each has its pros and cons.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated September 1, 2025

If a court issued a default judgment against you, you may be able to vacate (cancel) it by filing a motion to vacate. To succeed, you’ll need a valid reason for not responding to the lawsuit, like not being properly notified or dealing with an emergency. Some courts also require you to have a defense against the original claim. If the court approves your motion, the case reopens, and the judge will review the lawsuit instead of automatically ruling against you.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated September 1, 2025

If you’re behind on your mortgage loan payments and are now getting back on your feet, a mortgage reinstatement can help you bring your mortgage current. If you reinstate your loan and start making regular payments again, you won’t have to fret over a potential foreclosure or losing your property. Keep reading and we’ll help you learn more about what a mortgage reinstatement is, how it works, and what you can do if you’re not able to reinstate your mortgage.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 1, 2025

Whether or not you can keep your personal injury settlement award when you file for bankruptcy depends on a number of different factors.

Written by Ben Jackson.
Updated September 1, 2025

A note from our co-founder, Ben Jackson, on how Upsolve's free Chapter 7 bankruptcy filing tool works.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 1, 2025

If Penn Credit reaches out to you, they may be looking to collect a debt they think you owe. Before paying anything, validate that the debt is legitimate and yours. If you agree that you owe the money, you can figure out how much of the debt you can pay and begin debt settlement negotiations to pay less than the full amount. If Penn Credit sues you, respond immediately by filing an answer form. Most importantly, try not to stress — you’ve got this!

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 1, 2025

Aldous & Associates is a third-party debt collector that collects consumer debts for telecommunication companies, property management firms, and health and fitness clubs. If they contact you, they are likely looking to settle a debt. Before you pay anything, it’s best to validate the debt. If the debt is legitimate but you can’t afford to pay it in full, you can try to negotiate the amount down. If Aldous & Associates sues you for unpaid debt, file an answer form as soon as possible to avoid wage garnishment or other serious consequences.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 1, 2025

If you have a debt that gets sent to collections, you may be confused about who you owe. To find out which collection agency you owe, you can contact the original creditor or check your credit report. If a collection agency has been in contact with you, ask them to verify the debt. Compare this information with the information on your credit report and your personal financial records so you don’t pay more than you owe or get scammed.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated September 1, 2025

There are six different types of bankruptcies. Chapter 7 and Chapter 13 are the most common types of personal bankruptcy. Chapter 7 is also called a liquidation. It allows the filer to get rid of most of their debts without repaying anything. It works best for individuals without assets like a home. Chapter 13 bankruptcy puts the filer on a repayment plan and can help protect assets like a home. The goal of personal bankruptcies like Chapter 7 and 13 is to give the filer a financial fresh start and relieve them of debt they may never be able to repay. Businesses, farmers, and municipalities can also file bankruptcy under Chapters 9, 11, 12, and 15. These less common types of bankruptcy may be used to restructure or reorganize debt.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated August 29, 2025

Credit unions operate differently than banks in Chapter 7 bankruptcy, and those differences can create extra challenges. Because of cross-collateralization, a car loan with a credit union may also secure unrelated debts like credit cards, making it harder to fully discharge those debts without giving up the car. Credit unions can also use set-offs to pull money directly from your accounts or freeze them once you file, and in some cases they may even revoke your membership. To protect yourself, it’s often wise to move direct deposits and savings to a regular bank before filing and check whether your credit union loans are cross-collateralized.

Written by Mae Koppes. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated August 29, 2025

Credit builder loans are small, short-term installment loans designed to help people with no or low credit build a positive payment history. Unlike traditional loans, you don’t get the money upfront — instead, the loan amount is held in a secure account until the full balance is repaid. Each on-time payment is reported to the credit bureaus, which can gradually boost your credit score if managed responsibly. These loans are typically available through credit unions, community banks, or online lenders, and they can also help you build savings along the way.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated August 29, 2025

A bankruptcy discharge is a court order that permanently eliminates your legal obligation to repay certain debts. It also prevents creditors from trying to collect them. In Chapter 7 bankruptcy, filers are typically discharged within a few months. In Chapter 13, the bankruptcy discharge occurs after you complete a 3–5-year repayment plan. Most unsecured debts like credit cards, medical bills, and personal loans can be discharged. Some debts — such as child support, alimony, and recent taxes — can’t. Once you receive your discharge, you can focus on rebuilding your financial future by checking your credit report, creating a budget, and using credit responsibly.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated August 26, 2025

Retirement accounts are almost always protected in a bankruptcy case. If you're considering filing, it’s best to keep your retirement assets where they are. Unless you can fully pay off all of your debts, taking money out of your retirement accounts to keep up usually only prolongs the inevitable.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated August 26, 2025

Filing Chapter 7 bankruptcy on your own is possible, and many people choose this DIY route to save money and stay in control. This guide breaks down the most popular bankruptcy software options available, including free and low-cost tools. You'll learn how each one works, what features to look for, and how to decide which is right for your situation. If you're eligible, Upsolve offers a free online tool to help you file without hiring a lawyer.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated August 26, 2025

Deciding to file Chapter 7 bankruptcy should involve a review of everything that is required to successfully get a bankruptcy discharge after the bankruptcy filing. What follows is an overview of the requirements to file Chapter 7 bankruptcy and the requirements to getting your Chapter 7 discharge.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated August 26, 2025

If you get a summons and petition informing you that you’ve been sued for a debt in Missouri, you need to respond by following the court instructions on the summons form. This often means: 1. Drafting an answer form. 2. Addressing each of the debt collector’s claims against you. 3. Listing your defenses and affirmative defenses. 4. Filing your answer form with the court and serving a copy on the person suing you. You have 30 days to respond to a debt collection lawsuit in Missouri, but if your hearing date is before 30 days from the date on the summons, you might need to respond before your hearing date.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated August 25, 2025

Yes, you can file for bankruptcy even after being served with a lawsuit or having a judgment entered against you. Bankruptcy offers a way to manage overwhelming debt and protect yourself from further legal action. Once you file, most lawsuits are paused through an automatic stay. This process can provide the relief and fresh financial start you need.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated August 25, 2025

If you’re sued for a debt in the state of Washington, it’s important to respond! And it might be easier than you think. Here are the basic steps: 1. Fill out an answer and appearance form. 2. Complete a certificate of service form. 3. File your forms with the court within 20 days of receiving the summons. 4. Deliver a copy of your answer form to the person suing you.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated August 25, 2025

Much of the bankruptcy process is the same for people who are a full-time employee and people who are contractors. However, there are a few differences. When your income is not regular or easily predicted, you must demonstrate that you are eligible to file and ensure that it makes sense to file when you do.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Paige Hooper
Updated August 21, 2025

Bankruptcy and divorce often go hand in hand, and the order in which you file them can affect your debts, your property, and the legal process. Filing bankruptcy before, during, or after divorce changes what property you can protect and whether you’ll need to work with your spouse on bankruptcy paperwork. Chapter 7 offers a faster fresh start, while Chapter 13 can help repay certain debts over time, including some from a divorce. Knowing how these processes interact can help you avoid delays, protect assets, and make a smoother transition.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated August 19, 2025

In most situations, you do not need to pay back unemployment benefits. If you meet the eligibility requirements, those benefits are yours to keep. The exception to this is if an overpayment was issued. In that case, you will need to pay back only the amount that was overpaid to you. It’s also important to note that most unemployment benefits are taxable so your benefits will most likely show up on your federal taxes.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated August 19, 2025

Chapter 13 can be a helpful way for some people to reorganize and repay their debts. It’s often used by homeowners or people who own expensive property or assets they want to hang on to. But Chapter 13 requires a 3–5-year repayment plan, and many people aren’t able to successfully complete that plan. Also, it’s really difficult to file Chapter 13 successfully without a lawyer.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated August 13, 2025

If you've deposited funds into a 529 College Savings Plan for your child, you probably want to know how filing bankrtupcy will affect them. Whether the funds are protected will depend on how long ago you deposited them.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated August 13, 2025

Exemptions help you protect your property and assets in bankruptcy. There are both state and federal exemptions, but Arizona has opted out of the federal bankruptcy exemptions. That means, if you’ve lived in Arizona for at least two years when you file your bankruptcy case, you have to use Arizona's exemption laws. Arizona has a generous homestead exemption of $250,000. The motor vehicle exemption is $15,000 for single filers (or $25,000 if you or a dependent is disabled). Arizona does not have a wildcard exemption.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated August 11, 2025

Some states permit filers to choose between a set of federal bankruptcy exemptions and the state exemption system. However, California isn’t one of them. California is called an “opt-out” state, which means federal bankruptcy exemptions are not available to filers in the state. Californians filing bankruptcy have to use California exemption law.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated July 28, 2025

While you’re not required to hire a lawyer to file a bankruptcy case, you may want legal assistance. If so, there are several resources you can use to find an affordable bankruptcy attorney, including your state bar association’s website, the National Association of Consumer Bankruptcy Attorneys, or a local legal aid organization. Many bankruptcy lawyers also offer a free consultation for prospective clients. You can get free legal advice during the consultation and learn more about the lawyer’s fees and options for paying them.

Written by Jonathan Petts. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated January 30, 2025

The court sends this document to the creditors you listed on your bankruptcy paperwork when you file. It gives each creditor important information about your case and tells them what they need to do if they have a reasonable objection to your bankruptcy.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Rohan Pavuluri
Updated September 26, 2025

Repossession is the process of taking back a car after the owner defaults on their auto loan. Each state has different laws and regulations that dictate every step of the repossession process from start to finish. This page will provide an overview of Utah's Repossession Laws and what you should know if you've fallen behind on car payments.

Written by Attorney Jenni Klock Morel. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 23, 2025

A wage garnishment order allows creditors to take money directly from your paycheck. Most of the time, this is only possible after a court has entered a judgment. Here's how Kansas regulates wage garnishments.

Written by Lawyer John Coble. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 23, 2025

A wage garnishment order allows creditors to take money directly from your paycheck. Most of the time, this is only possible after a court has entered a judgment. Here's how Arkansas regulates wage garnishments.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated September 23, 2025

Texas law generally protects your wages from garnishment for consumer debts like credit cards and medical bills. Only certain debts — including child support, unpaid taxes, and federal student loans — can lead to wage garnishment in the state. However, creditors may still try to collect by garnishing your bank account if they have a court judgment. If you're facing overwhelming debt or garnishment, options like bankruptcy or legal aid may offer relief and guidance.

Written by Lawyer John Coble. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 22, 2025

Wage garnishment happens when money is taken from your paycheck to repay a debt, usually after a creditor sues you and wins a court judgment. In Wisconsin, most garnishments come from consumer debts like credit cards or medical bills, but state law limits how much of your income can be taken. The process includes several steps, but you may be able to stop the garnishment by filing objections, claiming exemptions, or filing for bankruptcy. For people struggling with multiple debts, bankruptcy can stop wage garnishment and may erase the debt entirely.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated September 18, 2025

Wage garnishment in Ohio is a legal process where a portion of your paycheck can be taken to repay unpaid debts like credit cards, medical bills, or personal loans. Most creditors must first sue you in court and get a judgment before they can garnish your wages. Both federal and Ohio laws limit how much of your income can be taken and offer protections for certain types of income

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated September 18, 2025

Wage garnishment in Tennessee allows a creditor to take money directly from your paycheck to repay a debt, but most creditors must first sue you and get a court judgment. After that, the court can issue a garnishment order, which tells your employer to withhold part of your pay. Both federal and Tennessee laws limit how much can be taken and offer some extra protection if you have dependent children.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Tina Tran
Updated September 16, 2025

If a creditor or debt collector brings a debt collection lawsuit against you in Connecticut, you can fight it on your own! If you’re sued for $5,000 or less, your case will likely be heard in a small claims court. These courts aim to provide a simplified and expedited legal process.

Here are the basic steps of how to respond to a debt collection case in Connecticut:

1. Receive and read the Small Claims Writ and Notice of Suit.

2. Fill out the court-provided answer form — respond to the claim, explain your defense, and raise a countersuit (if applicable).

3. File your answer with the court.

4. Deliver a copy of your answer to the person suing you.

5. Attend scheduled court hearings or appearances, including mediation.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Tina Tran
Updated September 16, 2025

If you’re sued by a debt collector in Colorado, you’ll receive a summons and complaint. These official documents inform you of the lawsuit against you and the deadline you have to respond. You’ll also receive a blank answer form where you can write your response to the court, including any defenses you have. Then you sign the form and make copies. You’ll file one copy with the court clerk, send one via mail to the person suing you, and keep one for your records.

Written by Attorney Paige Hooper. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 10, 2025

A wage garnishment order allows creditors to take money directly from your paycheck. Most of the time, this is only possible after a court has entered a judgment. Here's how Illinois regulates wage garnishments.

Written by Lawyer John Coble. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated September 10, 2025

A wage garnishment order allows creditors to take money directly from your paycheck. Most of the time, this is only possible after a court has entered a judgment. Here's how Florida regulates wage garnishments.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated September 5, 2025

Repossession is the process of taking back a car after the owner defaults on their auto loan. Each state has different laws and regulations that dictate every step of the repossession process from start to finish. This page will provide an overview of Oklahoma's Repossession Laws and what you should know if you've fallen behind on car payments.

Written by Attorney Andrea Wimmer, Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated September 2, 2025

Filing Chapter 7 bankruptcy in Alabama can help you get a fresh financial start by erasing credit card debt, medical bills, and other unsecured debts. Many people in Alabama successfully file on their own without hiring a lawyer, and this guide explains how to do it step by step. You'll learn how to gather documents, take the required courses, complete and file your forms, and navigate each part of the process in your local bankruptcy district. While it takes time and effort, many filers are able to complete the process without paying for a lawyer or court fees.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated September 2, 2025

If you get a summons and complaint notifying you of a debt collection lawsuit against you in Wisconsin, your case will be heard in small claims court if it’s for $10,000 or less. If you want to dispute the claims against you, you need to respond to the lawsuit. In some counties, this means filing a written answer using a court-provided form. In other counties, it means showing up at a court hearing. Even if you aren’t required to file a written answer, reading this article can help you understand how to read court paperwork and prepare to present your side of the story.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated August 29, 2025

Repossession is the process of taking back a car after the owner defaults on their auto loan. Each state has different laws and regulations that dictate every step of the repossession process from start to finish. This page will provide an overview of Texas's Repossession Laws and what you should know if you've fallen behind on car payments.

Written by Attorney Kassandra Kuehl. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated August 27, 2025

Repossession is the process of taking back a car after the owner defaults on their auto loan. Each state has different laws and regulations that dictate every step of the repossession process from start to finish. This page will provide an overview of Missouri's Repossession Laws and what you should know if you've fallen behind on car payments.

Written by Lawyer John Coble. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated August 27, 2025

Repossession is the process of taking back a car after the owner defaults on their auto loan. Each state has different laws and regulations that dictate every step of the repossession process from start to finish. This page will provide an overview of Tennessee's Repossession Laws and what you should know if you've fallen behind on car payments.

Written by Lawyer John Coble. Legally reviewed by Ben Jackson
Updated August 27, 2025

Repossession is the process of taking back a car after the owner defaults on their auto loan. Each state has different laws and regulations that dictate every step of the repossession process from start to finish. This page will provide an overview of South Carolina's Repossession Laws and what you should know if you've fallen behind on car payments.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated August 27, 2025

Repossession is the process of taking back a car after the owner defaults on their auto loan. Each state has different laws and regulations that dictate every step of the repossession process from start to finish. This page will provide an overview of North Carolina's Repossession Laws and what you should know if you've fallen behind on car payments.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated August 26, 2025

If a creditor or debt collector files a debt collection lawsuit against you, you need to respond to the court case or you risk losing the suit and owing money. To respond to the case, you need to file paperwork, called an answer form or appearance. Include any defenses you have when you file your answer with the court. You’ll also need to deliver a copy of your answer form to the person suing you and affirm that you did so by filing a Certificate of Service form with the court.

The Indiana courts don’t provide a lot of information online, but you can always speak with the court clerk to ask if local forms are available or to get clarification on court rules and procedures.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated August 26, 2025

Generally speaking, to respond to a debt collection lawsuit in Tennessee, you should fill out and file an answer form, sometimes called a sworn denial form, with the court. The deadline to file this form will be listed in the court summons that notifies you of the lawsuit. You usually have 30 days to respond. Rules vary by court in Tennessee, so it’s important to visit the local court website or speak with the court clerk to verify the forms you need to submit and what the court’s processes are for debt collection lawsuits.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Tina Tran
Updated August 26, 2025

If you’re sued for a debt that’s less than $8,000 in Florida, your case will be a small claims case heard in a county court. You’ll receive notice of the lawsuit with a summons and complaint. You need to respond to the lawsuit by filing an answer form with the court and sending a copy to the person suing you. If you don’t, you risk having the judge rule against you without getting to tell your side of the story. Losing the case can result in wage garnishment or a bank account levy.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Tina Tran
Updated August 25, 2025

Though it may feel intimidating to get a court summons for a debt collection lawsuit, you can respond without hiring an attorney. To do so, you simply need to draft or fill out a few legal documents, including an answer form, a verification form, and a certificate of service. Then you give copies of certain forms to the court and to the debt collector who is suing you and await a hearing date from the court.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Tina Tran
Updated August 25, 2025

If you receive a court summons in Michigan, you will need to respond within 21 days (if you’re served in Michigan) or 28 days (if you’re served outside the state). To respond, you’ll need to file a written answer with the court named in the summons and complaint documents that notified you of the lawsuit. Be sure to make multiple copies of your answer form and to deliver a copy to the plaintiff (the person or company suing you). Finally, you’ll need to complete a certificate of service form after serving the plaintiff.

Written by Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Jonathan Petts
Updated August 25, 2025

Repossession is the process of taking back a car after the owner defaults on their auto loan. Each state has different laws and regulations that dictate every step of the repossession process from start to finish. This page will provide an overview of New Mexico's Repossession Laws and what you should know if you've fallen behind on car payments.

Written by Attorney Andrea Wimmer, Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Andrea Wimmer
Updated August 23, 2025

Filing Chapter 7 bankruptcy in North Carolina can give you a fresh financial start by wiping out debts like credit cards, medical bills, and payday loans. This guide walks you through the process step by step — from gathering documents and taking required courses to filling out forms and going to court. You’ll learn how to file without a lawyer, save on legal fees, and understand what to expect at every stage. While Upsolve’s free filing tool isn’t available in North Carolina right now, this article gives you the tools and resources you need to navigate the process on your own.

Written by Attorney Andrea Wimmer, Ben Jackson. Legally reviewed by Attorney Paige Hooper
Updated July 28, 2025

This guide explains how to file Chapter 7 bankruptcy for free in Idaho without a lawyer, offering a step-by-step breakdown of the entire process. It covers everything from collecting financial documents and completing required courses to printing and submitting your forms to the right court. You'll also learn how to protect your property, handle your car, and navigate key requirements like the means test and exemptions. For simple cases, the guide highlights how Upsolve’s free filing tool can make the process easier by generating your forms and walking you through each step.